02130nas a2200241   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001200043653002500055653002000080653001800100653001700118653001600135653001900151100002000170700001700190700001500207700001900222245013900241490000700380520148700387022001401874       2023                            d  c09/202310acomparative genomics10agene annotation10aGene Ontology10agravitropism10apan-genomes10aPlant pathways1 aSushma Naithani1 aCecilia Deng1 aSunil Sahu1 aPankaj Jaiswal00aExploring Pan-Genomes: An Overview of Resources and Tools for Unraveling Structure, Function, and Evolution of Crop Genes and Genomes.0 v133 a<p>The availability of multiple sequenced genomes from a single species made it possible to explore intra- and inter-specific genomic comparisons at higher resolution and build clade-specific pan-genomes of several crops. The pan-genomes of crops constructed from various cultivars, accessions, landraces, and wild ancestral species represent a compendium of genes and structural variations and allow researchers to search for the novel genes and alleles that were inadvertently lost in domesticated crops during the historical process of crop domestication or in the process of extensive plant breeding. Fortunately, many valuable genes and alleles associated with desirable traits like disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, plant architecture, and nutrition qualities exist in landraces, ancestral species, and crop wild relatives. The novel genes from the wild ancestors and landraces can be introduced back to high-yielding varieties of modern crops by implementing classical plant breeding, genomic selection, and transgenic/gene editing approaches. Thus, pan-genomic represents a great leap in plant research and offers new avenues for targeted breeding to mitigate the impact of global climate change. Here, we summarize the tools used for pan-genome assembly and annotations, web-portals hosting plant pan-genomes, etc. Furthermore, we highlight a few discoveries made in crops using the pan-genomic approach and future potential of this emerging field of study.</p>  a2218-273X